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Ambassador Baptist Church
1926 Babcock Blvd
Pittsburgh, PA 15209
(412)477-3210
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March 27, 2007

I Samuel 1-3
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I Samuel
Chapter 1
  1. Now there was a certain man of Ramathaim-zophim, of mount Ephraim, and his name was Elkanah, the son of Jeroham, the son of Elihu, the son of Tohu, the son of Zuph, an Ephrathite:
  2. And he had two wives; the name of the one was Hannah, and the name of the other Peninnah: and Peninnah had children, but Hannah had no children.
  3. And this man went up out of his city yearly to worship and to sacrifice unto the LORD of hosts in Shiloh. And the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, the priests of the LORD, were there.
  4. And when the time was that Elkanah offered, he gave to Peninnah his wife, and to all her sons and her daughters, portions:
  5. But unto Hannah he gave a worthy portion; for he loved Hannah: but the LORD had shut up her womb.
  6. And her adversary also provoked her sore, for to make her fret, because the LORD had shut up her womb.
  7. And as he did so year by year, when she went up to the house of the LORD, so she provoked her; therefore she wept, and did not eat.
  8. Then said Elkanah her husband to her, Hannah, why weepest thou? and why eatest thou not? and why is thy heart grieved? am not I better to thee than ten sons?
  9. So Hannah rose up after they had eaten in Shiloh, and after they had drunk. Now Eli the priest sat upon a seat by a post of the temple of the LORD.
  10. And she was in bitterness of soul, and prayed unto the LORD, and wept sore.
  11. And she vowed a vow, and said, O LORD of hosts, if thou wilt indeed look on the affliction of thine handmaid, and remember me, and not forget thine handmaid, but wilt give unto thine handmaid a man child, then I will give him unto the LORD all the days of his life, and there shall no razor come upon his head.
  12. And it came to pass, as she continued praying before the LORD, that Eli marked her mouth.
  13. Now Hannah, she spake in her heart; only her lips moved, but her voice was not heard: therefore Eli thought she had been drunken.
  14. And Eli said unto her, How long wilt thou be drunken? put away thy wine from thee.
  15. And Hannah answered and said, No, my lord, I am a woman of a sorrowful spirit: I have drunk neither wine nor strong drink, but have poured out my soul before the LORD.
  16. Count not thine handmaid for a daughter of Belial: for out of the abundance of my complaint and grief have I spoken hitherto.
  17. Then Eli answered and said, Go in peace: and the God of Israel grant thee thy petition that thou hast asked of him.
  18. And she said, Let thine handmaid find grace in thy sight. So the woman went her way, and did eat, and her countenance was no more sad.
  19. And they rose up in the morning early, and worshipped before the LORD, and returned, and came to their house to Ramah: and Elkanah knew Hannah his wife; and the LORD remembered her.
  20. Wherefore it came to pass, when the time was come about after Hannah had conceived, that she bare a son, and called his name Samuel, saying, Because I have asked him of the LORD.
  21. And the man Elkanah, and all his house, went up to offer unto the LORD the yearly sacrifice, and his vow.
  22. But Hannah went not up; for she said unto her husband, I will not go up until the child be weaned, and then I will bring him, that he may appear before the LORD, and there abide for ever.
  23. And Elkanah her husband said unto her, Do what seemeth thee good; tarry until thou have weaned him; only the LORD establish his word. So the woman abode, and gave her son suck until she weaned him.
  24. And when she had weaned him, she took him up with her, with three bullocks, and one ephah of flour, and a bottle of wine, and brought him unto the house of the LORD in Shiloh: and the child was young.
  25. And they slew a bullock, and brought the child to Eli.
  26. And she said, Oh my lord, as thy soul liveth, my lord, I am the woman that stood by thee here, praying unto the LORD.
  27. For this child I prayed; and the LORD hath given me my petition which I asked of him:
  28. Therefore also I have lent him to the LORD; as long as he liveth he shall be lent to the LORD. And he worshipped the LORD there.


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I Samuel
Chapter 2
  1. And Hannah prayed, and said, My heart rejoiceth in the LORD, mine horn is exalted in the LORD: my mouth is enlarged over mine enemies; because I rejoice in thy salvation.
  2. There is none holy as the LORD: for there is none beside thee: neither is there any rock like our God.
  3. Talk no more so exceeding proudly; let not arrogancy come out of your mouth: for the LORD is a God of knowledge, and by him actions are weighed.
  4. The bows of the mighty men are broken, and they that stumbled are girded with strength.
  5. They that were full have hired out themselves for bread; and they that were hungry ceased: so that the barren hath born seven; and she that hath many children is waxed feeble.
  6. The LORD killeth, and maketh alive: he bringeth down to the grave, and bringeth up.
  7. The LORD maketh poor, and maketh rich: he bringeth low, and lifteth up.
  8. He raiseth up the poor out of the dust, and lifteth up the beggar from the dunghill, to set them among princes, and to make them inherit the throne of glory: for the pillars of the earth are the LORD'S, and he hath set the world upon them.
  9. He will keep the feet of his saints, and the wicked shall be silent in darkness; for by strength shall no man prevail.
  10. The adversaries of the LORD shall be broken to pieces; out of heaven shall he thunder upon them: the LORD shall judge the ends of the earth; and he shall give strength unto his king, and exalt the horn of his anointed.
  11. And Elkanah went to Ramah to his house. And the child did minister unto the LORD before Eli the priest.
  12. Now the sons of Eli were sons of Belial; they knew not the LORD.
  13. And the priests' custom with the people was, that, when any man offered sacrifice, the priest's servant came, while the flesh was in seething, with a fleshhook of three teeth in his hand;
  14. And he struck it into the pan, or kettle, or caldron, or pot; all that the fleshhook brought up the priest took for himself. So they did in Shiloh unto all the Israelites that came thither.
  15. Also before they burnt the fat, the priest's servant came, and said to the man that sacrificed, Give flesh to roast for the priest; for he will not have sodden flesh of thee, but raw.
  16. And if any man said unto him, Let them not fail to burn the fat presently, and then take as much as thy soul desireth; then he would answer him, Nay; but thou shalt give it me now: and if not, I will take it by force.
  17. Wherefore the sin of the young men was very great before the LORD: for men abhorred the offering of the LORD.
  18. But Samuel ministered before the LORD, being a child, girded with a linen ephod.
  19. Moreover his mother made him a little coat, and brought it to him from year to year, when she came up with her husband to offer the yearly sacrifice.
  20. And Eli blessed Elkanah and his wife, and said, The LORD give thee seed of this woman for the loan which is lent to the LORD. And they went unto their own home.
  21. And the LORD visited Hannah, so that she conceived, and bare three sons and two daughters. And the child Samuel grew before the LORD.
  22. Now Eli was very old, and heard all that his sons did unto all Israel; and how they lay with the women that assembled at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation.
  23. And he said unto them, Why do ye such things? for I hear of your evil dealings by all this people.
  24. Nay, my sons; for it is no good report that I hear: ye make the LORD'S people to transgress.
  25. If one man sin against another, the judge shall judge him: but if a man sin against the LORD, who shall intreat for him? Notwithstanding they hearkened not unto the voice of their father, because the LORD would slay them.
  26. And the child Samuel grew on, and was in favour both with the LORD, and also with men.
  27. And there came a man of God unto Eli, and said unto him, Thus saith the LORD, Did I plainly appear unto the house of thy father, when they were in Egypt in Pharaoh's house?
  28. And did I choose him out of all the tribes of Israel to be my priest, to offer upon mine altar, to burn incense, to wear an ephod before me? and did I give unto the house of thy father all the offerings made by fire of the children of Israel?
  29. Wherefore kick ye at my sacrifice and at mine offering, which I have commanded in my habitation; and honourest thy sons above me, to make yourselves fat with the chiefest of all the offerings of Israel my people?
  30. Wherefore the LORD God of Israel saith, I said indeed that thy house, and the house of thy father, should walk before me for ever: but now the LORD saith, Be it far from me; for them that honour me I will honour, and they that despise me shall be lightly esteemed.
  31. Behold, the days come, that I will cut off thine arm, and the arm of thy father's house, that there shall not be an old man in thine house.
  32. And thou shalt see an enemy in my habitation, in all the wealth which God shall give Israel: and there shall not be an old man in thine house for ever.
  33. And the man of thine, whom I shall not cut off from mine altar, shall be to consume thine eyes, and to grieve thine heart: and all the increase of thine house shall die in the flower of their age.
  34. And this shall be a sign unto thee, that shall come upon thy two sons, on Hophni and Phinehas; in one day they shall die both of them.
  35. And I will raise me up a faithful priest, that shall do according to that which is in mine heart and in my mind: and I will build him a sure house; and he shall walk before mine anointed for ever.
  36. And it shall come to pass, that every one that is left in thine house shall come and crouch to him for a piece of silver and a morsel of bread, and shall say, Put me, I pray thee, into one of the priests' offices, that I may eat a piece of bread.


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I Samuel
Chapter 3
  1. And the child Samuel ministered unto the LORD before Eli. And the word of the LORD was precious in those days; there was no open vision.
  2. And it came to pass at that time, when Eli was laid down in his place, and his eyes began to wax dim, that he could not see;
  3. And ere the lamp of God went out in the temple of the LORD, where the ark of God was, and Samuel was laid down to sleep;
  4. That the LORD called Samuel: and he answered, Here am I.
  5. And he ran unto Eli, and said, Here am I; for thou calledst me. And he said, I called not; lie down again. And he went and lay down.
  6. And the LORD called yet again, Samuel. And Samuel arose and went to Eli, and said, Here am I; for thou didst call me. And he answered, I called not, my son; lie down again.
  7. Now Samuel did not yet know the LORD, neither was the word of the LORD yet revealed unto him.
  8. And the LORD called Samuel again the third time. And he arose and went to Eli, and said, Here am I; for thou didst call me. And Eli perceived that the LORD had called the child.
  9. Therefore Eli said unto Samuel, Go, lie down: and it shall be, if he call thee, that thou shalt say, Speak, LORD; for thy servant heareth. So Samuel went and lay down in his place.
  10. And the LORD came, and stood, and called as at other times, Samuel, Samuel. Then Samuel answered, Speak; for thy servant heareth.
  11. And the LORD said to Samuel, Behold, I will do a thing in Israel, at which both the ears of every one that heareth it shall tingle.
  12. In that day I will perform against Eli all things which I have spoken concerning his house: when I begin, I will also make an end.
  13. For I have told him that I will judge his house for ever for the iniquity which he knoweth; because his sons made themselves vile, and he restrained them not.
  14. And therefore I have sworn unto the house of Eli, that the iniquity of Eli's house shall not be purged with sacrifice nor offering for ever.
  15. And Samuel lay until the morning, and opened the doors of the house of the LORD. And Samuel feared to shew Eli the vision.
  16. Then Eli called Samuel, and said, Samuel, my son. And he answered, Here am I.
  17. And he said, What is the thing that the LORD hath said unto thee? I pray thee hide it not from me: God do so to thee, and more also, if thou hide any thing from me of all the things that he said unto thee.
  18. And Samuel told him every whit, and hid nothing from him. And he said, It is the LORD: let him do what seemeth him good.
  19. And Samuel grew, and the LORD was with him, and did let none of his words fall to the ground.
  20. And all Israel from Dan even to Beer-sheba knew that Samuel was established to be a prophet of the LORD.
  21. And the LORD appeared again in Shiloh: for the LORD revealed himself to Samuel in Shiloh by the word of the LORD.


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Thought for the day:
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 The opening chapters of I Samuel give a clear contrast between two sets of parents. Elkanah and Hannah were a godly couple who were careful to always take their offering to the Tabernacle in Shiloh. Eli was the High Priest who ministered at Shiloh, and would have received Elkanah's sacrifice. These three people are woven together in this story concerning the birth of Samuel, and their differences serve as a great lesson for all who are raising children.

 Elkanah and Hannah were both committed to the Lord. This is evidenced by their yearly trips to Shiloh as well as by Hannah's prayer life. She desperately wanted a son, and she fasted and prayed that the Lord would allow her to conceive. She was so burdened in her prayer that she wept, and her lips moved, but no sound came forth. In her prayer she promised God that if He would allow her to have a son, that she would dedicate him to the Lord ("there shall no razor come upon his head" { 1:11}), and she would give him back to the Lord for whatever purpose that God might have. When she found out that God was going to answer her prayer, she worshipped Him ( 1:18). She named him Samuel in acknowledgement that he had been a gift from God in response to her prayers ( 1:20). Perhaps most important, she did not go back on her vow, but followed through on her promise to give Samuel to the Lord. As soon as he was born, she reminded Elkanah of her commitment ( 1:22), and when he was weaned she fulfilled it ( 1:27-28). She went to visit him once a year, and took a new coat for him each time ( 2:19), but she never made any attempt to get Samuel to return home with her. As far as she was concerned, Samuel belonged to the Lord "as long as he liveth" ( 1:28) and "forever" ( 1:22). How simple it would have been for Hannah to change her mind after the baby was born! It is easy to promise that which you do not have, and even easier to renege on your vow once you have that which you desired. How difficult it must have been for her to follow through on her commitment after all those years of barrenness, and then nine months of pregnancy, followed by several years of bonding while the child was weaned. Yet she loved God, and loved her son, and wanted the best for him, which was for him to be raised to serve and love the Lord. Because of her faithfulness, as well as that of her husband, she raised up a son who served as both a prophet and priest in Israel. He was acknowledged as such throughout the land ( 1:20), he received revelation from God to be given to the Jews in a way that had not taken place for many years ( 3:1, 21), and the Lord saw to it that the words that he spoke carried meaning and were listened to (3:19).

 Contrast this with Eli. I believe that Eli also had a relationship with the Lord, and I believe it could be said that he worshipped God. We know that his family had been chosen by God for the position which he held ( 2:27-28). He received direct revelation from God ( 1:17). He willingly received the message of doom concerning his future ministry because it came from the Lord ( 3:18) The Bible tells us that Eli found out about the death of his two sons at the same time that he learned that the Ark of the Covenant had been taken by the Philistines, and that it was the news concerning the Ark that caused him to fall over and die, as opposed to the news of his sons ( 4:18). Yet in spite of all this, he raised his sons in such a way that they were known as "sons of Belial" They were adulterers, even going so far as to commit their immorality at the Tabernacle itself ( 2:22). They profaned the sacrifices, and demanded more than their appropriate portion ( 2:13-16). I Samuel 2:12 sums it up best, "they knew not the Lord". How did this happen? It happened because Eli was more concerned about himself and his sons than he was about God. In I Samuel 2:29, the man of God puts it this way,

"Wherefore kick ye at my sacrifice and at mine offering, which I have commanded [in my] habitation; and honourest thy sons above me, to make yourselves fat with the chiefest of all the offerings of Israel my people?"
Eli, who loved food ( 4:18), violated God's laws concerning sacrifices in order to get more for himself. In addition, he honored his sons more than he honored the Lord. He was more concerned about their happiness, and what they wanted, than he was about God's will for them. The end result for all three of them was their deaths ( 4:11).

 Hophni and Phinehas should have had every opportunity to be great servants of God, while Samuel should have been relegated to a minor spot in Israel's history. They were from the High Priest's home; Samuel wasn't. They saw their biological parents every day; Samuel saw his once a year. Yet Samuel was used of God because his parents surrendered both themselves and him to the Lord at an early age, and allowed God to be in charge of his life. Eli never allowed God to direct his sons, and thus produced rebels. What kind of children are we going to produce: those who love God and serve Him faithfully, or those who may go through the motions of service, but have hearts of rebellion towards the Lord. Our personal relationship to the Lord will make all the difference.

Pastor Dr. Mark J Montgomery

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(412)477-3210
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